Thousands of moving aluminum plates cover National Biodiversity Pavilion in Mexico

NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY PAVILION BY FERNANDA AHUMADA + FREE

Designer Fernanda Ahumada and Fernando Romero’s FREE architectural firm take over the construction of the National Biodiversity Pavilion situated in the cultural corridor of Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, a remarkable addition to UNAM. Designed to preserve and expand the archives of the Institute of Biology, as well as provide specialized laboratories for the scientific exploration of Latin America’s largest collection of extinct species, the project embodies a multifaceted approach. Conceptually, the design proposes a radiating pattern that arises from the interpretation of the ‘tree of life’ emphasizing the interconnectedness of all living beings. A large spiral staircase stands as the central point of the building’s layout resembling the double helix of DNA formation and as a connecting link between the different spaces of the pavilion. The structure’s exterior applies an aluminum-glass facade that reflects the skyscape as the lower part of the base is made of local stone connecting the pavilion directly to the site.

PAVILION’S CIRCULAR LAYOUT FORMS AROUND A SINGLE VERTICAL CORE

The pavilion covers more than 11.000 sqm and consists of an exhibition hall and multimedia rooms, a digital library, offices, a storage area, and laboratories, all arranged on three levels around a circular layout. Fernanda Ahumada and FREE design group distribute three rings on each level. The first ring for the general public begins at the center with a vertical circulation and permanent exhibits. The second ring is for internal use and houses the collections. The last ring protects the rest of the program and is located at the edge of the facade arranging specialized consultation spaces, laboratories, and curatorial offices. This mix of zones on each floor enables interaction between the building’s temporary and permanent users. The circular floor plan achieves two main objectives, uniting all the spaces through a single vertical core and creating 360-degree panoramic views of the natural landscape through its facade that opens and closes in the form of a wave, based on the specific needs of the program.

A significant challenge of the project is the distribution of the Institute’s four collections, mammals, reptiles, fish, and birds while considering the extensive space required. Strategic placement is determined based on climate control, storage capacity, and future expansion. High-density storage compactors running on mobile metal rails are integrated to maximize the utilization of space. Additionally, an orthogonal structure within the circular design optimizes storage areas and allows for future growth.

GLASS, ALUMINUM, AND VOLCANIC STONE COMPOSE THE FACADE

Access to the building is provided by a staggered esplanade, welcoming visitors and linking to the cultural corridor. This level comprises the largest exhibition area, three collections, and laboratories. The first level, complying with technical requirements, houses one collection, the molecular biology laboratory, the auditorium, and administrative offices. The lower level adapts to the uneven terrain and accommodates public areas such as a store, cafeteria, and digital library, providing a tranquil and introspective atmosphere with views of the quarry.

The site’s prime location within the university’s cultural corridor motivates the inclusion of outreach spaces to stimulate interest in scientific careers among visitors. The lower level serves as a showcase for endemic biodiversity, integrating views of the surrounding natural environment while the upper levels feature double facades constructed with glass and multi-perforated aluminum, offering controlled views while responding to interior lighting and ventilation needs. The result is a dynamic facade composed of thousands of movable 30×20 cm aluminum modules that sway with the wind, symbolizing the role of climatic conditions in biodiversity’s evolution and endurance. The base of the building is constructed using Cantera, a volcanic stone representing the local biodiversity.

Project info:

Name: National Biodiversity Pavilion

Designer: Fernanda Ahumada + FREE

Construction: Carlos Slim Foundation

Design team: Karen García Villegas, Christiane Salem, Francisco Román, Alejandro Marin

Executive project: Reactiva Arquitectura — Laura Dominguez + Ana Paula Herrera

Lighting design: ILWT

Aluminum and facades: IASA

Museography: Alejandro Nasta + Instituto Biología UNAM

Location: Mexico City, Mexico

Photography: César Belio – Mariola Soberon | @mariola.soberon